A Timeline of Textile Machinery Inventions

The  Industrial Revolution  was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840. During this transition, hand production methods changed to machines and new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes were introduced. Water power efficiency improved and the increasing use of  steam power increased. Machine tools were  developed and the factory system was on the rise.  Textiles  were the main industry of the Industrial Revolution as far as employment, the value of output and capital invested. The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.  The Industrial Revolution began in  Great Britain  and most of the important technological innovations were British. The Industrial Revolution was a major turning point in history; almost every aspect of daily life changed in some way. Average income and population began to grow exponentially. Some economists say that the major impact of the Industrial Revolution was that the  standard of living  for the general population began to increase consistently for the first time in history, but others have said that it did not begin to really improve until the late 19th and 20th centuries.  At approximately the same time the Industrial Revolution was occurring, Britain was undergoing an  agricultural revolution, which also helped to improve living standards and provided surplus labor available for industry. Textile Machinery Several inventions in textile machinery occurred in a relatively short time period during the Industrial Revolution. Here is a timeline highlighting some of them: 1733  Flying shuttle  invented by John Kay:  an improvement to looms that enabled weavers to weave faster.1742  Cotton mills were first opened in England.1764  Spinning jenny  invented by James Hargreaves:  the first machine to improve upon the spinning wheel.1764  Water frame  invented by Richard Arkwright:  the first powered textile machine.1769  Arkwright patented the water frame.1770  Hargreaves patented the Spinning Jenny.1773  The first all-cotton textiles were produced in factories.1779  Crompton invented the  spinning mule  that allowed for greater control over the weaving process.1785  Cartwright patented the  power loom.  It was improved upon by William Horrocks, known for his invention of the variable speed batton in 1813.1787  Cotton goods production had increased 10 fold since 1770.1789  Samuel Slater  brought textile machinery design to the US.1790  Arkwright built the first steam-powered textile factory in Nottingham, Engla nd.1792  Eli Whitney invented the  cotton gin:  the machine that automated the separation of cottonseed from the short-staple cotton fiber.1804  Joseph Marie Jacquard  invented the Jacquard Loom that weaved complex designs. Jacquard invented a way of automatically controlling the warp and weft threads on a silk loom by recording patterns of holes in a string of cards.1813  William  Horrocks invented the variable speed batton (for an improved power loom).1856  William Perkin invented the first synthetic dye.

Austria History of the Country and Catholocism - 1794 Words

The country of Austria is a landlocked country located in central Europe, just north of Italy and Slovenia. Austria also borders Germany, Hungary, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Switzerland, and Lichtenstein. In comparison to the United States, Austria is about the size of Maine at 83,870 square kilometers. The terrain includes mountains, or the Alps, in the South and West, and flat land in the North and East (â€Å"Austria†). Mountains cover about three-fourths of the country. Austria is also known for its many valleys, lakes, and forests (Beller). The climate is temperate, with moderate summers and cold winters. Both seasons receive regular rain, except for frequent snow in the Alps during winter. The majority of the population lives in the†¦show more content†¦In 1914, a Serb assassinated Franz Ferdinand, heir to the empire’s throne. This caused Austria-Hungary to declare war on Bosnia-Herzegovina, thus starting World War I. Austria-Hungary was a Central Power in the war, and ended up losing to the Allied Powers. Following the war, the empire broke apart and Austria became a republic. In 1938, German troops overtook Austria, and the republic became a part of Nazi Germany. Austrians had no choice but to participate in the Holocaust. Once again, the Allies were victorious and defeated Germany. After the war, Austria set up a provisional government, and a national government was established in 1945. Austria finally became an independent country ten years later, and joined the European Union in 1995 (Beller). Today, Austria is a national republic made up of nine provinces. The president, who has a six-year term, is the head of the country, while the chancellor is the head of the government. The Austrian government has military forces, where all men must serve for at least six months in their life. The Austrian people are quite unique. Many different ethnicities settled in Austria centuries ago, contributing to the distinctive culture. Almost ev eryone speaks German, though some areas speak languages like Croatian and Slovakian. The Austrian economy is based on privately owned businesses, and it relies on manufacturing, agriculture, natural resources, trade, and tourism (Beller).

My Room Free Essays

There is an old proverb which states â€Å"When you are a child, your room is the world to you. † I believe this is a very true statement and applies to most children. In a room of his own a boy can become whatever he likes and make his surroundings fit that idea or â€Å"theme† if you will. We will write a custom essay sample on My Room or any similar topic only for you Order Now I have grown out of these childhood fancies, but still have an evident theme controlling this place where I spend my time. As one walks into my room a large black and white skin catches the eye. This tapestry reveals itself to be a skin of a zebra which I acquired through my father on our trip through Africa. Throughout the skin there are patched holes where the beast was shot. This large item is the focal point of my room and reflects my â€Å"hobby† and passion for traveling. Turning to the right the visitor sees other from my other things from far away lands mounted on the wall. These things range from Greek swords to an unique Tanzanian lion-hunting arrow. All of these things I acquired traveling throughout Southern Europe, Africa, and America, and each have a special meaning and value to me. Below this array of seemingly ancient things sits the large Sony stereo system I received for my birthday this year. This hulk of machinery adds contrast to the display above it as well as giving my room high-quality sound. A turn to the left now unveils a bookshelf containing: all of my hardback books, my alarm clock, my trophies and ribbons, and most of my CD’s and tapes. This storage space is really an unnecessary extra but it does help keep my room from being cluttered or messy. Up against this same wall is my bed. This bed was handed down from my great grandmother to my grandmother to my mom to me. It has been kept because of it’s value and because of sentiment. Crafted out of solid pine by hand and held together by iron pegs, it adds to the â€Å"rustic† theme of my room. I believe this to be almost a mirror of my personality because I rarely change from my happy, reliable self and this bed has not changed in over a century. The reverse side of my bed shows off a twin to the first bookshelf. Unlike it’s companion, this set of shelves holds some of my more prized possessions such as: my paperback books, my magazine collection, many of my artistic creations, and my various instruments from other countries. Yet another left turn uncovers the zebra skin mentioned above. Bellow the skin on the floor are two military boxes and a neon sign. The boxes represent my interest in weapons and military tactics while the sign is just a present from one of my relatives. Along this same wall resting in a large inset is my desk. This desk is a literal collage of my interests and shows my personality in that the desk is very easy to arrange and I usually have an open mind on things. The desk is divided into five main parts: the surface, mechanical things, artistic things, scholastic things, and assorted odds and ends. The surface is where I do my work, it is where my homework, reading and writing happen. The other areas are called exactly what they do. For example, the mechanical section is a group of drawers which holds my hammers, pliers, screwdrivers, ect. On either side of this wooden storage space rest my fishing poles, canes, and unused long weapons. These items cast back my interest in the out-of-doors (namely hunting and fishing) and my more virile side. Another left turn brings the on-looker to my closets. These are two sets of double doors with all my clothing and shoes in it. On the inside of these closets there are posters covering the walls, most of which have something to do with skiing. This is my representation of my tremendous interest in skiing. Tucked into the back side of my closets are my two unloaded hunting rifles. I think that this reflects my responsibility and maturity because I had to go through twelve hours of gun safety courses just to have access to these weapons let alone have them in my room. Looking up from this view point a set of sky lights can be seen. The light glistening from these windows shines onto my small chest of drawers which contain my â€Å"arts and crafts† stuff and my socks and underwear. On top of this rests a lamp and a glass head which I use as a hat rack. I think this reflects on my orderly side because I am constantly straightening it. My room, like my shadow following me on a sunny day, reflects my personal interests and talents and really is a part of me. This is reflected in many ways, from the way I organize my furniture to the places I put my clothes. Even if I’m not acting out a childish daydream I still enjoy changing my surroundings to fit this daydream called life. How to cite My Room, Essay examples My Room Free Essays There are many places that i really like to spent my time. But, everyone has a room they tend to stay in more than others. That could be a room with specific colored walls, or just room that makes you to feel really good. We will write a custom essay sample on My Room or any similar topic only for you Order Now For me, thats my bedroom. Thats my favourite place in my house, but and in the world, i guess. I think that nothing can describe someone better than their room. That little things in a room can describe a person more than anything, decoration, color of the walls†¦ When you enter to house the first door u can see are full of some old stickers. Behind them is my own peace of paradise. Its pretty much like any other room but i like it. Basically, there is a door, a window and bed like in any other room in the world. I recently painted walls to the bright green color. Its good for my concentration when i am studying or i just want to stay focused on something. On left wall there are drawn logos of Football Club Partizan and their fans Grobari. There is always playing quiet music inside my room. I think that with these bright colors keeps it in some way alive. On the left side there is my bed, which i wouldnt exchange for anything on this crazy world. I could just laying on it for days. Under the window, which is on the middle wall, is my working desk. There is my computer on it with big sound system that drives my parent crazy. Next to the working desk is my acoustic guitar, and next to the guitar, on the right side of room, there is an desk with TV on it. On the right side is a wardrobe which is the most of time really messy. Finally, Iznad door is books shelf . To be honest, i don’t like to read too much, so they are there just like decoration detail.. Why my bedroom is my favourite place? Well, its the place where no one bothers me. Its like my own private island where i am fully stocked with everything i need, such as food, music etc. How to cite My Room, Papers My Room Free Essays The wall is cream colored. There are all sort of modern facilities in my room what makes it very comfortable to live. There is a double size bed in the left corner of the room which is made by wood and it is very comfortable to sleep on it. We will write a custom essay sample on My Room or any similar topic only for you Order Now There is lamp beside my bed and a sofa as well. My room has got a big window. It looks so beautiful when light comes through the window in my room during the morning and twilight. There is a reading table with chair Just under the window. I put all of my necessary things for study on this table. I also put my personal computer on it. Beside my table, there is a nice wardrobe where I keep my clothes and valuable things. It has got a big mirror on the cover. There are a good numbers of pictures of my family and friends hung on the wall. When I feel depressed, I take a look on these pictures to make my mind happy and cheerful. All pictures are neatly placed in their proper spots In a collage. My room has got a balcony too. I have a sliding glass door going out to my balcony. The view from my balcony is really amazing. I usually go there before the sun set and like to see the beauty of nature. I can see the road opposite of our apartment from the balcony. There is a rocking chair in my balcony. It gives me amazing feelings when I sit on my rocking chair and take breath from cool breeze. I always like to keep my room neat and clean. All of these In my room make me very comfortable and relax. I love my room very much. How to cite My Room, Papers

Defendant participation in the criminal - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Defendant participation in the criminal. Answer: Power of Arrest The Criminal Law of Singapore is derived from the common law system, which is highly regulated through the criminalization of many activities that are considered as fairly harmless in other countries. The criminal law and legislation help in the prevention of different crimes like homicide, cheatings and thefts or other relevant crimes. All of the crimes are punishable under the Penal Code (Sso.agc.gov.sg 2018). The government of Singapore has taken the responsibilities of the criminal issues and the offender. They have investigated the matters, identified the issues and processed the whole situation. After the investigation process, the police officer or relevant authorities have been arrested the offender (Owusu-Bempah 2016). An arrest is defined a process by the criminal justice, which occurred when a person is taken into the police custody and deprived of the liberty. The police have right to arrest a person for investigating the criminal issues (Duijn, Kashirin and Sloot 2014). A police officer, other public servant officer or a citizen with or without a warrant can arrest a person. When a police officer, other public servant officer or a citizen have found that a person has been committed an offense or guilty for such relevant grounds of any criminal liability, then they can be arrested the person. The Penal Code of Singapore has been legislated such powers that a warrant is not necessary to arrest a person. There are some other relevant acts, which also set the similar laws and statues in Singapore. Those are Kidnapping Act, Arms Offences Act, Vandalism Act and Misuse of Drugs Act (Sso.agc.gov.sg 2018). The powers of Arrest In Part VI of the Criminal Procedure Code of Singapore has stated about the process of compelling appearance, arrest and bail (Sso.agc.gov.sg 2018). The police or relevant enforcement agencies like Immigration Checkpoints Authority (ICA), Commercial Affairs Department (CAD), Central Narcotics Bureau (CNB) and Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau (CPIB) have rights to arrest a person with or without warrant for involvement with any criminal offenses. They have been provided with enough power and not required to collect or obtain any notice or warrant from the authority of the Court for arrest the offender (Owusu-Bempah 2016). A citizen has right to arrest an offender. When an offender has been arrested by a citizen, then without any delay, that offender will be handover him or her to the police station. However, in this matter, the citizen is allowed to defend his or her body or property against harm without any fear of reprisal from the law (Duijn, Kashirin and Sloot 2014). The Arrestable offense In the Third Column of the First Schedule of the Criminal Procedure Code (CPC), a list has been given of different arrestable offenses (Sso.agc.gov.sg 2018). According to the given list, if any person is found to commit the offense, then the police, other relevant authorities or a citizen can arrest that person. The arrestable offenses include: Assault or uses of Criminal force Rioting Theft Robbery Impersonation of a public servant Extortion Cheating Criminal Breach of trust Affray, Driving rashly or negligently Criminal intimidation Rape Sexual assault by penetration without consent Wrongful restraint or confinement Trafficking Dishonestly eating of the stolen property Consumption of drugs Offences under the Computer Misuse and Cybersecurity Act Offences under the Vandalism Act Therefore, according to the above list, if the police officer or relevant authority or citizen has been found that any person committing the same offense, then she or he might be arrested without a warrant. However, for the non-arrestable offense, police never arrest a person without any warrant. In such situation, the police officer will obtain an order or file a Magistrates Complaint at the State Courts Crime Registry (Sso.agc.gov.sg 2018). After the confirmation from the court, the police will get the warrant notice and arrest the person (Owusu-Bempah 2016). Police arrest procedure in Singapore The police can be arrested a person with or without a warrant notice. When a person has been suspected of the act of serious or dangerous offense then the police can arrest that person with or without a warrant (Duijn, Kashirin and Sloot 2014). Here, the appropriate authority will investigate the offense. The police have right to use reasonable forces for arrest the offender (Owusu-Bempah 2016). However, for the offenses like voluntarily causing hurt, police must investigate the matter before proceeding for arrest. The section 83 of the Criminal Procedure Code has legislated that a police or relevant authority can arrest a women offender by a woman only (Sso.agc.gov.sg 2018). Arrest without a warrant The section 64 of the Criminal Procedure Code has legislated that the police has authority to arrest a person without a warrant when the offender has found or subjected to an arrestable offense (Sso.agc.gov.sg 2018). According to the above list of arrestable offense, police or relevant authority or a citizen can arrest the offender without a warrant. The Criminal Procedure Code has legislated in section 65 that a person can be arrested without a warrant if he or she denies providing name and address as per the demand of the police or relevant authorities (Sso.agc.gov.sg 2018). However, section 68 has legislated that, only 48hours, the arrested person can be detained in the custody (Sso.agc.gov.sg 2018). Arrest with a Warrant In Section 69 of the Criminal Procedure Code, it has been legislated that a person has committed arrestable or non-arrestable offense can be arrested with a warrant by the police or relevant enforcement officer or by a citizen (Sso.agc.gov.sg 2018). After arresting that person, it is the duty of the police authority that they will produce the offender to the relevant court without any delay. According to the nature of the case, the offender can ask for bail. Arrest by the civilian The Section 66 of the Criminal Procedure Code, a person who is not police or such relevant authority and citizen of the country can arrest the offender who has committed the arrestable offense (Sso.agc.gov.sg 2018). The civilian is allowed to defend his or her own body or property against harm without any fear of reprisal from the law. Therefore, after the offender was arrested, he or she will be informed the grounds of arrest and must be produced to the court without any delay. The offender can consult with a legal practitioner. After arresting a person, the civilian will hand over him or her to the police or relevant authority. The police will transfer the offender to the police headquarters and immediately produced to the relevant court. All of the personal belongings will be transferred to the police. After the first court appearance, the offender may apply for bail (Owusu-Bempah 2016). If the relevant court authority does not grant the bail, then the court will order for investigation and the charges will be convicted to the offender according to the nature of the case (Duijn, Kashirin and Sloot 2014). Reference Duijn, P.A., Kashirin, V. and Sloot, P.M., 2014. The relative ineffectiveness of criminal network disruption. Scientific reports, 4, p.4238. Owusu-Bempah, A., 2016. Defendant participation in the criminal process. Taylor Francis. Peak, K.J. and Madensen, T.D., 2018. Introduction to criminal justice: Practice and process. Sage Publications. Ronel, N. and Segev, D., 2014. Positive criminology in practice. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 58(11), pp.1389-1407. Schmalleger, F., Donaldson, S., Kashiwahara, K., Koppal, T., Chase, S., Brown, A., Jarriel, T. and Marash, D., 2014. Criminal justice today. Prentice Hall. Sso.agc.gov.sg. 2018. Criminal Procedure Code - Singapore Statutes Online. [online] Available at: https://sso.agc.gov.sg/Act/CPC2010?ProvIds=P1VI-#pr87- [Accessed 12 Jan. 2018]. Worrall, J.L., 2014. Criminal procedure: from first contact to appeal. Pearson Higher Ed.

To Kill A Mockingbirds A Love Story Kill Mo Essay Example For Students

To Kill A Mockingbirds: A Love Story Kill Mo Essay ckingbird essays To Kill A Mockingbird Love Story The book To Kill a Mockingbird was written by Harper Lee. It was published in 1960 then it went on to win the Pulitzer prize in 1961 and was later made into an Academy Award winning film. Harper Lee always considered her book to be a simple love story. Today it is regarded as a masterpiece of American Literature. There are so many characters in this book that I cant name all of them. Here are most of the characters. The Finch family contains of Atticus (The head of the household), Aunt Alexandra (Atticuss sister), (Jem) Jeremy (The oldest of Atticuss two children), (Scout) Jean Louise (The youngest of the two . She also trys to be a boy by doing boy things). And you cant forget their black maid. We will write a custom essay on To Kill A Mockingbirds: A Love Story Kill Mo specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Her name is Calpurnia. Miss Rachael is Dills aunt that lives in Maycomb. Dill is a friends with Jem and Scout. According to Scout they are married. (Boo) Arthur Radley is the person that takes Jem back to his house after Jem gets hurt by Bob Ewell. Tom Robinson is a black man that was accused of raping Mayella Ewell. Bob Ewell is Mayellas father. He is out for revenge on Atticus for what he did to him and his daughter. Mayella is Bobs daughter who supposedly got raped by Tom Robinson. Judge Taylor is the Judge of Maycomb County. Heck Tate is the county law official. I think the protagonist in the story is Atticus Finch because he has the main part and he has the biggest decision to make. The decision being whether to defend or not to defend Tom Robinson. To Kill a Mockingbird is set in Maycomb County, an imaginary district in Southern Alabama. The time is the early 1930s, the years of the Great Depression when poverty and unemployment were widespread in the United States. The story begins during the summer when Scout and Jem meet a new playmate named Dill who has come from Mississippi to spend the summer with his Aunt Rachael. Dill is fascinated by the neighborhood gossip about Boo Radley. Egged on by Dill, Jem and Scout try to think up ways to lure him out of his house. Soon it is Summer again , and Dill returns for another visit. The childrens plans for making contact with Boo Radley grew bolder this year, and on Dills last night they decide to sneak up onto the Radley porch and spy on Boo. Jem goes first, but just as he reaches the window, Nathan Radley catches site of them and scares them off with a blast from a shot gun. Jem realizes that Boo is not a monster after all, but has been playing along with them. Scout does not figure this out until the winter, on the night that the house of their neighbor burns to the ground. While Scout is standing outside in the cold, someone sneaks up behind her and places a blanket around her. Later, Scout and Jem realize that there was only one person in town who has not already at work fighting the fire and that was Boo. Now that Jem and Scout realize that Boo is basically a kind person, their interest in the Radley family begins to fade. In the meantime, they learn that their father has become the defense lawyer for Tom Robinson, who is charged with raping Mayella Ewell. As the trial of Tom Robinson grows nearer, the children become more aware of the strong feeling it has aroused in everyone in Maycomb. .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230 , .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230 .postImageUrl , .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230 , .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230:hover , .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230:visited , .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230:active { border:0!important; } .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230:active , .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230 .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub3926cd9e825dc98c416b1374784a230:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Kuwait Red Crescent Society and Zero Sum budgeting Essay One day their housekeeper takes Jem and Scout to visit her church, and the children realize for the first time that the black parishioners are supporting Tom Robinsons wife. Two nights before the trial is to start, a group of men come to the Finch house to tell Atticus about threats against Tom Robinsons life. Atticus spends the next night camped out at the jail to defend Tom from the mob. Jem, Scout and Dill go downtown to check on Atticus and arrive at the same time as a group of men,

Roman Empire Essay Example

Roman Empire Essay Example Roman Empire Essay Roman Empire Essay Rome was founded as a kingdom by royal twin-brothers Romulus and Remus in 753 B. C; and the Roman tradition claimed that Rome had been under the control of seven kings from 753 to 509 B. C. According to tradition, Rome became a republic in 509 B. C. (not from the beginning, as it is asserted in the film). By the end of the Republic, Rome becomes the biggest city in the world. In 44 B. C. Augustus establishes the Empire. During the reign of Nero, the Great Fire of Rome took place, but that only gave a new growth to the city. The population of Rome topped out in the 2nd century (over 2 million people) and then began declining. At the end of that century, during the reign of Marcus Aurelius, a plague killed 2,000 people a day2. Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (April 26, 121 – March 17, 180), was given this name when he was proclaimed the Emperor. At marriage he took name Markus Annius Verus; his original name was Marcus Annius Catilius Severus). His mother was from a rich family who were of consular rank; his father was of Spanish origins. His father’s maternal aunt was the Emperor’s wife. In 136, Hadrian had announced that his eventual successor would be a certain Lucius Ceionius Commodus, renamed L. Aelius Caesar. Marcus had already attracted the attention of Hadrian: he was subsequently engaged to Ceionia Fabia, Commodus daughter. The engagement, however, was annulled later after the death of Commodus, as Marcus was betrothed to Antoninus daughter. Therefore, on the death of Hadrians first adopted son L. Aelius Verus, Hadrian made it a precondition of making Antoninus his successor that Antoninus would adopt Marcus and Lucius Ceionius Commodus (Lucius Aelius son, ten years junior than Marcus, renamed Lucius Aurelius Verus), and arrange for them to be next in the line. This Antoninus did, adopting and designating them as his successors on February 25, 138, when Marcus was only seventeen years of age. He would become emperor at 40. In 145, Marcus married Annia Galeria Faustina, who was Antoninus daughter and his paternal cousin. He became Roman Emperor in 161. He was the last of the Five Good Emperors who governed the Roman Empire from 96 to 180, and is also considered one of the most important stoic philosophers. His tenure was marked by wars in Asia against a revitalized Parthian Empire, and with Germanic tribes along the limes Germanicus into Gaul and across the Danube3. Starting from the 160s, Germanic tribes and other nomadic peoples launched raids along the Northern border, particularly into Gaul and across the Danube. This new impetus westwards was probably due to attacks from tribes farther east. A first invasion of the Catti in the province of Germania Superior was repulsed in 162. Far more dangerous was the invasion of 166, when the Marcomanni of Bohemia, clients of the Roman Empire, crossed the Danube together with the Lombards and other German tribes. At the same time, the Iranian Sarmathians attacked between the Danube and the Theiss rivers. Due to the situation in East, a punitive expedition could be launched only in 167. Both Marcus and Verus led the troops. After the death of Verus in 169, Marcus led personally the struggle against the Germans for the great part of his remaining life. The Romans suffered at least two serious defeats by the Quadi and Marcomanni, who could cross the Alps, ravage Opitergium (Oderzo) and besiege Aquileia, the Roman main city of north-east Italy. At the same time the Costoboci, coming from the Carpathian area, invaded Moesia, Macedonia and Greece. After a long struggle, Marcus Aurelius managed to push back the invaders. Numerous Germans settled in frontier regions like Dacia, Pannonia, Germany and Italy itself. This was not a new thing, but this time the numbers of settlers required the creation of two new frontier provinces on the left shore of the Danube, Sarmatia and Marcomannia, including todays Bohemia and Hungary. The emperors plans were however prevented by a revolt in East, led by Avidius Cassius and prompted by false news of the death of Marcus after an illness. Of the eastern provinces, only Cappadocia and Bithynia did not side with the rebels. When it became clear that Marcus Aurelius was still alive, Cassius fortunes declined quickly and he was killed by his troops after only 100 days of power. Together with his wife Faustina, Marcus Aurelius toured the eastern provinces until 173. After a triumph in Rome, the following year he marched again to the Danubian frontier. After a decisive victory in 178, the plan to annex Bohemia seemed poised for success but was abandoned after Marcus Aurelius again fell ill in 180. Marcus Aurelius was able to secure the succession for Commodus, whom he had named Caesar in 166 and made co-emperor in 177, though the choice may have been unknowingly unfortunate. This decision, which put an end to the fortunate series of adoptive emperors, was highly criticized by later historians since Commodus was a political and military outsider, as well as an extreme egotist with neurotic problems. For this reason, Marcus Aurelius death is often held to have been the end of the Pax Romana. It is possible that he chose Commodus simply in the absence of other candidates, or as a result of the fear of succession issues and the possibility of civil war. Marcus Aurelius had 13 children: among them were Commodus and Lucilla. Marcus Aurelius Commudus Antonius, the son of Marcus Aureilus, ruled in 180-192. He was known as a good archer, he also had passion for gladiatorial combat. He even went to the arena, dressed as a gladiator. He always won since his opponents always submitted to the emperor. In 193 Commudus was strangled in his bath by the wrestler Narcissus, ordered by Commodus mistress/cousin Marcia, a day before Commodus planned to march into the Senate dressed as a gladiator to take office as consul. Commodus death marked the end of the Nervan-Antonian dynasty4. The opening battle most likely is intended to depict the last fight of the Macromanic wars. The film says they are fighting in Germania; however, the war was really against Germanic tribes in the area of the province of Pannonia. Of course Germania is more familiar to viewers and works better geographically with Maximus home in Spain. Nearing the end of the battle, Maximus raises the cry Roma Victor, meaning Rome, the Conqueror. (Greco-Roman culture often anthropomorphized aspects of civilization and nature in order to depict them as gods/goddesses to be recognized. ) The sequence of the battles unfurling is not historically accurate, as legionaries abandon formation in favor of a more Hollywood-friendly action scene in which they combat the Germanic Marcomannii in one-on-one battles, in which the barbarians would have excelled. In reality the Romans favored close-knit formations and would not break formation unless being ordered to retreat (hastily) or if the legionaries broke under the strain, in which case, unless able to reform or reach friendly lines, they would almost certainly be wiped out5. IV. Summary evaluation. This film, not being documental, does not directly follow the history of Roman Empire. Many of the facts were specially mutilated for the battle scenes by the script writer in order to make the film more spectacular. Though it refers to real events, it is still just an invention of the director who wishes to entertain public. Despite the historical inaccuracies, it is obvious, that all battle scenes, visual effects, the script, and the live action are simply brilliant. Beyond the doubt, the staginess of this film is on the highest level. Yet it is up to a viewer to decide what he needs more of the film – authenticity or staginess. Bibliography 1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/73rd_Academy_Awards.

The afterlife in Dante's Inferno compared with Homer's Odyssey Essay

The afterlife in Dante's Inferno compared with Homer's Odyssey - Essay Example In addition, trip to the afterlife provides a spiritual fortification and moral uplift, which realizes the mortal man his duties and obligations towards the divinity and fellow beings while his temporary stay on the earth, so that readers can make amends in their behaviors and realize that they are responsible for the deeds they are performing; Homer’s journey of the land of gods in his illustrious Odyssey, John Milton’s depiction of heaven and hell in Paradise Lost, William Blake’s experiences of seeing God and angels in Songs of Innocence and Dante’s Inferno reflect and present the imaginary idea of world hereinafter imitated and followed by these authors in their practical life, which vehemently force the readers to protect themselves from sinful life, as they will have to harvest the crop of their deeds and misdeeds in the afterlife. Dante’s trip to afterlife and depiction of the circles of hell concentrates upon the same motif. Dante’s Inferno describes that his journey starts from Good Friday, when the poet sets out on his trip and comes across ancient writers, poets, politicians, philosophers and religious people during his visit of hell. Here the poet points out the reasons that lead the people towards the wrath of God i.e. in hell, which are based on Biblical stories and set of belief indicating specific reprimands and penalties against particular sins. Since, Dante’s journey to the hell serves as the part his perception of religion and Scriptures, which is related to the sinners’ fate in afterlife, so his trip starts from first to nine circles, as has been narrated in the Old and new Testaments. The Inferno’s protagonist character finds renowned Roman poet of B.C. era i.e. Virgil as his guide, who leads him towards different circles. (Canto I, Lines 47-61) Being non believer of Christ, but

How Online Technologies Have Changed People Experience Life In The Essay

How Online Technologies Have Changed People Experience Life In The Digital Age - Essay Example They are more likely to be distracted by new events. This can in some ways make those individuals less productive than individuals who concentrate on single tasks. Multi-tasking was a term that was created for PC units that are capable of completing multiple tasks simultaneously. Unfortunately for humans, our brains do not function in a manner that allows us to multi-task. The author provided an example of attempting to check your email and search the web at the same time. One does not surf the web while checking their email, rather they check their email, then surf the web, then check their email again, and back to surfing the web. This is the empirical proof that individuals do not multitask, but rapidly task switch. Peter Suderman explains that we have transitioned from a world where the internet would merely engage in passive marketing techniques to a world of push marketing. There is no where an individuals can hide on the internet from some form of marketing. It is inevitable t hat whatever form of advertisement will find its way directly to the desktop of an individual. Such a vast sea of data has conditioned the minds of the readers and now as humans we find it impossible to break out of the habits that the digital age has conditioned us into. Suderman explains how reading in such environment causes humans to only take in small fragments of information as their eyes jump all around the screen on computers taking in small bits of data. He further explains the implications in his life as he finds it harder to concentrate on reading a book because his eyes have been conditioned to move all around the page just as it was reading from a computer screen. Rosen furthers this analysis by indicating that humans take in small fragments of information and are most intrigued by the information that is specific to their lives and the information that they created. While this has allowed individuals to more quickly consume information it has failed to make humans more empathetic for one another. The problem then arises in our ability to sense the feelings of our fellow man. While a website can inform humans about a genocide occurring on the other side of the world, we now only process it as just that, information. We don’t empathize with the humans who are in constant danger. Cowen seemingly breaks into this analysis and indicates how the internet is in fact lengthening our attention span. This is because our life is dictated by the narratives in which we have access to through personal contact, but rather we are able to seek access to any particular narrative we find interesting via the internet. This is important because individuals are able follow singular stories for extended periods of time. This is important because all information is merely at your fingertips. While individuals are not able to multi-task due to the limitations of attention, the internet has allowed tasking for individuals to become increasingly effective. While som e may argue that the fast paced structure of the web overloads the mind with data, others indicate that this infrastructure allows humans to quickly sift through undesirable data and focus on that which is most important to them. In the digital age it is becoming information is becoming more and more rapid, while some of the community contends that individuals are becoming less and less empathetic, others conclude humans have always showed selective attention and chose

Pets Rights in Hawaii Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pets Rights in Hawaii - Annotated Bibliography Example The purpose of the research is to find out the level of the abuse of pets in Hawaii. This information will help in determining the best way towards protecting the rights of animals in the state. Many cases of the violation of pets' rights in Hawaii have been reported, and this research will come up with recommendations on how best to address issues of violation of pets' rights. There have been different discussions about the rights of pets in the US, but this research will offer solutions on how to reduce the cases of violation of the rights of pets. The research will rely on journal articles, news articles, documentary films and interviews to gather information about the rights of pets in Hawaii and other places. Many people have written scholarly articles that discuss the cruelty that animals have been exposed to and how their rights are being addressed in modern days. News articles and documentaries will offer current information concerning cases of mistreatment of animals and how animal activists have pushed for laws to protect animals. The researcher will interview 3 animals' activists in Hawaii and 2 others in other US states to give their views about animals' rights in the US.  The issue of the rights of animals has caught the attention of many people and authorities around the world. The research will try to find out some of these laws and groups that agitate for the rights of pets and the level of abuse of pets' rights in Hawaii and other states in the US.  

Entrepreneur creates healthy ethnic frozen food

Entrepreneur creates healthy ethnic frozen food Tuck-In will bring healthy ethnic frozen food to the young, fast living city students door steps. Terra Tuck-in is scheduled to begin operations on September 20th 2010. Tuck-in will be a partnership, owned and operated by a group of graduate city university students; Shariq Pervaiz, Nadia Mohamed, Omer Qureshi, Faduma Karshe, Tiwalade Odulawa and Pawel Prochot. The owners of this company specialize in different areas of business which will make this venture a very exciting yet profitable business. The graduates have all got experience in different fields of the business. Location, offices headquarters, branches. Tuck-in will be located at: Tower Bridge Business Complex, 100 Clements Road, London, SE16 4DG The office space/light industrial space is leased and will accommodate the necessary office equipment such as computers, fax machine, photo copier and fridge/ freezers. There is a copy of the information in Appendix C. Definition of the business The Product/Service that ‘Tuck-In offers is a delivery service of frozen food from a variety of different world cuisines. The function of this new business venture would be to provide students who live away from home, food that is healthy, tasty and easy to cook. The idea is that students can enjoy food from different parts of the world in the easiest way possible. There is and always will be a market need for good quality frozen food and ‘Tuck-In would provide a service that would meet this market need by taking the idea of frozen food to the next level. ‘Tuck-In would make students more aware of the benefits of frozen food, it would reduce wastage. What makes ‘Tuck-in so unique is the quality and convenience of this food. It offers a delivery service to your front door with an online ordering and payment system, it will have never been made easier to order from ‘Tuck-In. Customers will want to buy products from ‘Tuck-In as it is different from your everyday frozen meal from the supermarket. It is more affordable, with the meal packages offered, it is good quality. The food offered helps with portion control and reduces wastage. Company History- Tuck-In was created on the 11th of November 2009 by Shariq Pervaiz, Nadia Mohamed, Omer Qureshi and Faduma Karshe in London, UK. The name â€Å"Tuck-in† was suggested by Shariq Pervaiz during a team meeting, and that suggestion stuck in everyones minds. Thus Tuck-in was then the name of the company that would change the lives of hundreds of students who live in student accommodations. Tuck-in was made official by the submission of the company contract; we invested in 2 further bodies, Tiwalde Odulawa and Pawel Prochot. Both bodies strengthened the company and brought vast experience to the company. Company goals To provide high quality healthy food To maintain a healthy, respectful, challenging and rewarding environment for employees To cultivate sound relationships with other organisations an individuals who are like minded. To cultivate adaptability to change in economic, social and environmental conditions, to allow Tuck-in the opportunity to survive long term. Future plans The primary objectives of Tuck-in over the next year are to: Obtain commercial financing of  £30,000 to cover start up costs and initial operating expenses; Generate one new client contract a month by networking with key industry leaders, conducting seminars and workshops, and joining key environmental agencies; Generate a net profit of  £100,000 in the first year of operations by developing a strong client base and keeping overhead costs to a minimum; Over the next 3-5 years we plan to grow our business by having other outlets aside City University hall residences. To achieve this, we aim to: Introduce our food services to other university hall residences around the area. So doing we hope to introduce new products. Also we aspire to increase our target market, i.e. to reach out to working-class people. As part of our growth plan we hope to have our proposed hot vending machines of food in different offices and workplaces in the City. They can easily get food from this machine at the end of the day after work. Furthermore we aim to get our services to be delivered to small local grocery stores around the area. Tuck-ins mission statement is to: The Tuck-in Promise: â€Å"Tuck-in exists to benefit and refresh every student who lives at halls of residence whilst at university. The basic proposition of our business is simple; we have a passion to serve the highest quality ready to cook frozen foods and make sure that every customer who shops with Tuck-in leaves happy. We are committed to using the finest ingredients in our recipes and no food leaves our kitchen that we ourselves would not eat. That is the key to fulfilling our ultimate obligation to provide consistently attractive returns to the owners of our business Product and Service description Tuck-In will sells delicious, high quality, nutritious frozen readymade meals from around the world to students who live away from home, complying with the health regulation. We will offer unique cuisine with international flair, offering frozen meals from Italy, Mediterranean, Asia, Europe and Africa, responding to the needs of students. Students are usually too busy or lack the skills to cook. Tuck-In will provide those students with a healthy, easy to cook meals that taste home-made and is ready in few minutes. As we are located in City University we can take advantage of the diverse students who are living in halls. We hope that this will help us in gaining an additional advantage over our competitors and help us provide greater customer satisfaction. It will also make it easier for students to pickup their meals when they are going home or for us to deliver the meals within a few minutes. The key benefits that can be obtained from using our service are: Less money on groceries and eating out Healthy home-made style meals Meals will take less than 15 minutes to prepare No washing dishes, everything is in disposable containers Provide international food We will be offering lunch and dinner that will include a frozen meal with a choice of drinks to choose from. Please Refer to Appendix A for the menu. Sourcing http://www.supremefoodscatering.co.uk/retail.htm The ready-made meals and drinks will be purchased by marketing manager at supreme food catering. There will be one staff that will make sure the meals are of high quality and are packed correctly. The marketing manager will be overlooking and make sure that everything is in order. Technology Our primary method of ordering meals will be via our website but we can also be contacted by phone. The company website is built and maintained by ‘Toucher an established web design company. The website will include a full menu, information about the company and an online ordering service. Target Market Tuck-ins target market can be generally described as a group of students living away from home, mainly in halls of residence. Those students share following characteristics which influence their consumer behaviour: They often have or decide to spend little time preparing food (28 out of 40 subjects asked) Form of the food is a secondary factor fresh, chilled or frozen (26 out of 40 subjects asked) Have culturally driven food habits ethnic food (32 out of 40 subjects) Currently eat frozen/chilled ready meals once or more times a week (27 out of 40 subjects) Order food for delivery more than once a week (26 out of 40 subjects) Eat out/order delivery of ethnic food more than once a week (27 out of 40 subjects) Would consider purchasing reasonably priced ethnic frozen food delivered to halls of residence more than once a week (28 out of 40 subjects) The anonymous survey was conducted by the Peartree Court hall of residence between 7th and 11th of December. Please Refer to Appendix B for the survey template. The target market is much localized as show below â€Å"A† indicates the main University building. Other indicators represent Walter Sickert Hall(Liberty Hall 142), Francis Rowley Court(220), Finsbury Heyworth(320) and Willen House (157) total of 839 bedrooms in student accommodation. The above also shows that within the radius of between 400 to 1200 meters (depending of the Tuck-in location) there are 839 student rooms. It also indicates a potential competition density of just under 30 takeaways per square kilometre. Competition As indicated on the map above there is around 30 small takeaways in the immediate area. Also there are 3 supermarkets and tens of small off-license shops. It is important to note that the university building offers a catering service to the students. The main factor that sets Tuck-In apart from the local takeaways and university catering is that Tuck-in food can be prepared in no time at students convenience and this in combination with right price will give Tuck-in an edge. Market Growth and Forecast The market growth is currently seen as increase in range of Tuck-In for new halls of residence. The prospective growth is expected to strongly depend on the future halls of residence targeted but short term (1 year) growth will oscillate in the area of 25%-50% increase in the size of the target market (range increase). Segmentation Target market is segmented to students: Eating out at the university in restaurants Eating in takeaways ready meals chilled and frozen cooked meals Other (unspecified) The segments that Tuck-In will be focusing on are students eating in takeaways, ready meals chilled and frozen, and cooked meals. SWOT Positive Negative Internal Strengths Weaknesses Free delivery Good ethnic food Always fresh food Small dynamic Multiple suppliers Close to the client Premises can be located virtually anywhere in the area (no kitchen etc.) Limited experience Summer holidays break External Opportunities Threats Takeaways Home delivery usually costly or high order minimums Fast-food chains New takeaways Changing customer tastes Increasing popularity of home-delivery of supermarkets Marketing Feasible marketing channels consist of Student union leaflets, halls of residence leaflets, presence at student events, and simple internet presence with SEOd for high ranked localised internet searches. Strategy and implementation summary The strategy we have implemented is quite straight-forward, the success of Tuck-In is based on a cuisine service providing authentic ready to cook meals for students living in university accommodation. This is combining healthy foods in a student area environment (halls) and these foods appeal to a wide range of ethnic groups. We aim to launch our business in a unique and obvious way to ensure that our target (the students living in halls) can actually notice us and be aware of the service we have to offer and how they can benefit from it. Our promotion strategy is to have a grand opening in the beginning of a new academic session. During this opening, we aim to give out trial foods, so as to go try our ready-to cook meals and see what it is all about. In order to succeed we will have to make sure that the food is at its best as the saying goes: first impression lasts longer. We would like to give an impression of a catering service that provides healthy ready-to cook frozen food as well as it been very tasty. We will have to keep our standards high and execute the launch, as the students testimony of our food services will be our main marketing strategy at the start. Pricing strategy: we dont aim to be cheap, but we aim to be cheaper than most alternatives the students might have however the quality and nutritional values will be far greater than our competitors. Marketing strategy is the most important in every business, to achieve this we aim to emphasize on the products we have to offer, and build some sort of a relationship business with our target market. As stated in our growth plan, we aim to increase our target market to working-class people, doing this the price of our food is going to be to some extent higher than what we offer to students, because they work and can afford good quality food at the price that is worth it. Tuck-ins competitive edge Having an understanding of how to launch the business Provide a diverse ethnic ready-to cook frozen food for students. So they do not miss home too much. Focus on target market Training of employees An area to keep the refrigerators and freezers purposely to preserve our food is in place. We do not have direct competitors, but our circuitous competitors will be supermarkets and take away restaurants e.g. Sainsburys or the local chicken and chips. The edge we have over them is the fact that we are situated very close to the halls and we offer these healthy yet tasty foods at a cheaper price. This is because they are our only target market at the moment therefore our service is solely tailored for them so is the price. While our competitors have a wide range of target market to cater for so been a student you do not have a chance to pay less, the price is general. Management Team â€Å"Tuck-In† from our managerial courses does have a great understanding of what it means to have an excellent management team for this business. How well we do is solely depends on our staff. Tuck-In is a small business and the creative idea is from us, because it is a new business it involves a basic managerial and organisational structure. However, there is a hierarchy, but before a decision is made we all have to meet and discuss about the situation and make the decision together. We might have to hire a more experienced general manager as part of our growth plan to help Tuck-In to grow further. Management positions: Operational service of the business will be performed by Shariq Pervaiz and Nadia Mohamed, as hands on manager and assistant. Floor/store manager Omer Qureshi Finance/accounting manager Tiwalade Odulawa Marketing manager Faduma Karshe Service manager Pawel Prochot Financial analysis This financial projection of approximately  £30,000 investment, represents to the best of managements belief, the expected results of operations and cash flow for the projection period would commence on or about 01/09/2010. The assumptions disclosed are those that management believes are significant to the projection. There will usually be differences between projected and actual results, because events and circumstances frequently do not occur as expected, and those differences may be material. The Companys revenues will be derived from sales of units. The Company will recognize initial fees such an insurance, premises and stock holding. Costs Cost of Product. Cost of product consists primarily of the costs of royalties paid to third-party suppliers, materials, personnel-related costs, admin costs and insurance. Cost of Service . Cost of service consists primarily of personnel-related costs incurred in providing telephone support, consulting to customers. The primary component of the cost of sales is labor. Skilled, professional personnel used directly in the companys operations are expected to maintain the company website. Property and Equipment. Property and equipment are to include costs of the premises, insurance, equipment and stock. Selling and Marketing Expenses.The principal types of expenses within this category are salaries, and professional services. Salaries are projected on an individual-by-individual basis, using expected salary rates throughout the projection period. Research and Development Costs.The principal types of expenses within this category are salaries, rent, telephone, travel, supplies, and professional services. Generally, management expects to charge research and development expenditures internally. General and Administrative Expenses.The principal types of expenses within this category are salaries, facilities and occupancy, travel, professional services, and insurance. Salaries are projected on an individual-by-individual basis, using expected salary rates throughout the projection period. Bank Credit Facility The companys management intends to borrow  £15,000 from a bank loan using owned property and security as the company grows, this amount is expected to increase. The amount will be borrowed on a two year repayment plan. Interest expense. Interest expense on borrowings is calculated at the fixed rate of 7.5%.This rate has been set by the bank itself. Expense detail Bank Loan having obtained a bank loan of  £15,000 to be paid back over a period of two years with an interest of 7.5%. Payments of  £695.30 being made every month. Rent of premises  £1078, insurance  £315 pa, security retainer  £3000, admin fees  £150, service charge  £500pa, bills  £3,000, Business rates  £1680. Furniture and computer equipment  £3000 Freezers  £6784 With an investment already confirmed of  £9,000 and a personal investment of  £6000 we aim to start up with  £30,000 including the bank loan. Each unit of food we buy, we aim to have a mark up of 50% after costs. Website costing  £350 to set up and maintain. As a team of 6, 3 of us are still in part time work and 3 of us are working completely in the business taking a small wage (enough to live on) to ensure we have as much money in the business as possible. Stock in the amount of 5000 units at 80p a unit =  £4000 Altogether are total cost as stated above in the first month of business =  £18,819.46 A lot of the start up costs are one of cost and the running cost every month after the first should decrease by ay least  £4,000. Financial objectives To achieve our financial objectives, Tuck-In seek medium-term commercial loan. This external funding will be used to cover the initial investment costs Based on the strategic objectives, we target the following financial goals: Steady increase of annual sales Keep the gross margin on sales 50% No debt leverage by year 2 Exit strategy Business exit Here, our aim is to maximize the value we can obtain from selling the business to potential investors. After complex business assessment, we embark on the following major selling points: strong brand, solid customer base, cash-rich business, and no leverage. As an exit strategy, we agreed to approach the following possibility: Partial business divestment (selling 50% of the business). Partial divestment: As customers are the heart of our business, the values as well as the number of customer relationships are essential to our business. The customer-focused approach of our business is consistent with our differentiation strategy and represents a strong negotiation point by the means of true sell. We aim to attract a venture capitalist to enter the business in order to expand capacity and market share, as well as to boost financial performance.

Faulkner The Quintessential Southern Writer :: essays papers

Faulkner The Quintessential Southern Writer William Faulkner: The Quintessential Southern Writer On September 25, 1897 in New Albany, Mississippi, a son was born to Murry Cuthbert and Maud Butler Faulkner. This baby, born into a proud, genteel Southern family, would become a mischievous boy, an indifferent student, and drop out of school; yet â€Å"his mother’s faith in him was absolutely unshakable. When so many others easily and confidently pronounced her son a failure, she insisted that he was a genius and that the world would come to recognize that fact† (Zane). And she was right. Her son would become one of the most exalted American writers of the 20th century, winning the Nobel Prize for Literature and two Pulitzers during his lifetime. Her son was William Faulkner. As a child, Faulkner was well aware of his family background, especially the notoriety of his great-grandfather who had moved to the Mississippi Delta from Tennessee in 1841 (Zane). William Clark Faulkner was a Civil War Colonel, a lawyer, a planter, a politician, a railroad entrepreneur, and a best-selling novelist best known for The White Rose of Memphis. He died in the streets of Ripley, Mississippi, where a former business partner he had forced out of his railroad gunned him down (Padgett). While Faulkner had never met his great-grandfather, he was a powerful influence. When his third grade teacher asked what he wanted to be when he grew up, the young William replied â€Å"I want to be a writer like my great-granddaddy†(Padgett). After dropping out of school, Faulkner worked as a clerk in his grandfather’s bank and in his spare time wrote short stories and poetry and contributed drawings to the University of Mississippi’s yearbook (Locher). His talent was recognized early on by his good friend Phil Stone, Faulkner’s first literary mentor. Stone encouraged and instructed him in his interests and was a constant source of current books and magazines (Faulkner 699). After short stints in the Royal Canadian Air Force and then as a postal service employee, Faulkner, with Stone’s financial assistance, published The Marble Faun, a collection of his poetry. Sales were poor, however, and it was evident that Faulkner’s real talent was in writing fictional short stories and novels. His first novel, Soldier’s Pay, was published in 1926 and was an â€Å"impressive achievement†¦strongly evocative of the sense of alienation experienced by soldiers returning from World Wa r I to a civilian world of which they seemed no longer a part† (Faulkner 699).

Forensic Analysis Of Soils Environmental Sciences Essay

Soil is a natural organic structure comprised of solids ( minerals and organic affair ) , liquid, and gases that occurs on the land surface, occupies infinite, and is characterized by one or both of the followers: skylines, or beds, that are distinguishable from the initial stuff as a consequence of add-ons, losingss, transportations, and transmutations of energy and affair or the ability to back up frozen workss in a natural environment ( Soil Taxonomy, USDA ) The upper bound of dirt is the boundary between dirt and air, shallow H2O, unrecorded workss, or works stuffs that have non begun to break up. Areas are non considered to hold dirt if the surface is for good covered by H2O excessively deep ( typically more than 2.5 metres ) for the growing of frozen workss. The lower boundary that separates dirt from the nonsoil underneath is most hard to specify ( Soil Taxonomy, USDA ) . Soil consists of skylines near the Earth ‘s surface that, in contrast to the implicit in parent stuff, have been altered by the interactions of clime, alleviation, and populating beings over clip. Normally, dirt classs at its lower boundary to hard stone or to crude stuffs virtually devoid of animate beings, roots, or other Markss of biological activity. For intents of categorization, the lower boundary of dirt is randomly set at 200 centimeter hence the name dirt taxonomy. Forensic analysis of dirts or better known as forensic geology is the survey of grounds in relation to the offense that in demand in the tribunal of jurisprudence in term of minerals, dirt, crude oil and other stuffs found in the Earth. The value that lies in the about limitless figure of sorts of stuffs in dirt is enormous. Large Numberss of measuring and observation can be done to stones, minerals, dirts and related stuffs due to their evidentiary value. For illustration, the figure of atom sizes and distributions of grains combined with colorss, forms and mineralogy are about limitless. These belongingss are identifiable, recognizable, and can be characterized. It is this diverseness in Earth stuffs, combined with the ability to step and observes the different sorts, provides the forensic know aparting power. There have been many parts to this subject of forensic dirt analysis over the last 100 old ages. Many researches have been made by the Laboratory of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, in Washington D C. , McCrone Associates in Chicago, The Centre for Forensic Sciences in Toronto, Microtrace in Elgin, Illinois, the former Central Research Establishment at Aldermaston, Kenneth Pye Associates Ltd in Great Britain, The Nipponese National Research Institute of Police Science, The Netherlands Forensic Institute-naming among few of celebrated dirt forensic research labs in the universe. Because much of the evidentiary value of earth stuffs lies in the diverseness and the differences in the minerals and atoms of dirt, microscopic scrutiny at all degrees of instrumentality is the most powerful tool. In add-on, such scrutiny provides an chance to seek for semisynthetic artifact grains and other sorts of physical grounds.1.2 Objective of surveyThe survey is anterior to these intents: I ) To understand the taxonomy of the local dirts. Soil taxonomy is a method is soil categorization based on its composing as the cardinal characteristic. two ) To place the factors or dirt belongingss that can impact the decomposition rate. three ) To detect, step and bespeak how the factors that has been identified, can impact the decomposition rate.Significant of surveyDiverseness in soils chemical and physical belongingss lead to delinearity of decomposition rate. The fact impacting the rate of organic affair decomposition- which is the involvement of this survey, in different dirt types will be studied. Soils every bit diverse as it is incorporating a batch of bing bugs, biological being and chemical composing which is alone to each type of it, that involve in decomposition procedure ( Patrick et al. , 1993 ) . Understanding the soils assortment can assist to understand the function it plays in decomposition procedure and aid in construing the clip interval of decease of dead organic structure in offense instances. Due to the difference in dirt belongingss which can give rise to different rate of decomposition, and by understanding the relation, construing the decease interval at more accurate clip scope can be endo rsed.Chapter 2LITERATURE REVIEWDirt AnalysisDirts may represent grounds that connects a individual or object to a peculiar location. The value of dirt stems from its ubiquitousness and transferability to objects or individuals. Due to the complexness of dirt, the analysis of its inorganic and organic constituents can supply complementary and independent types of information about its geological beginning, dominant flora, direction and environment. An overview of a scope of dirt word picture methods including chemical analysis, mineralogy and palynology, along with new attacks such as Deoxyribonucleic acid profiling ( Reza et al.,2010 ) and profiling of other digital informations such as that obtained from X-ray pulverization diffraction, infrared spectrometry ( Gavaraglia, 2000 ; R.Linker et al. , 2009 ) and organic marker analysis were reviewed extensively recently for its value in forensic probe. Decomposition in tellurian ecosystem are determined by a set of habitues factors which regulate microbic activity at diminishing graduated table of clip and infinite in the order of: climate-clay mineralogy, alimentary position of the soil-quality of break uping resources and consequence of micro-organisms ( i.e. , roots and invertebrates ) ( Patrick, et al.,1993 ) . In humid state as Malaysia due to propinquity Waterss with mean temperature at 20-30 & A ; deg ; C, decomposition can be altered henceforth the appraisal of the clip of decease. It is good understood that temperature can hold important consequence on the decomposition of corpse due to metamorphosis of bugs and dirt chemical reaction ( Paul et al. , 1996 ) . Furthermore, varsities in dirts type give rise to different set of bacterial ecology in the dirt environment. Dirt with an active microbic population may hold the capacity to break up organic affair more rapidly ( Fiedler and Graw 2003 ) and dirts exposed to corpses ( or potentially merely fertilization with NH4 ) antecedently, may hold a community of bacteriums and Fungis adapted to cadaver decomposition ( Carter and Tibbett 2008 ) . This extrinsic factor aside from burial deepness of corpse and insect entree modulate the common relationship of macro-microorganism finally the rates and tracts of decomposition ( Kenneth et al. , 2005 ) . Physical texture, whether the dirt is flaxen, silty or clayey can deeply impact the rate of decomposition by restricting the motion of gasses and H2O to and from the site of biodegradation and O2 demand and waste gas coevals ( i.e. the corpse ) . On the other manus, the sourness, alkalinity, foods and degree of taint of a dirt may impact decomposition rates deeply ( Tamsin et al. , 2009 ) .2.2 Forensic value of dirtComparison of dirt physical has helped to work out many offense instances. The comparing based on dirt atom, colour, and composing of clay, sand and many more has aid justness to be served. Current analytical methods allow forensic scientists to either concludes that the grounds did non portion a common beginning with a criterion or that the two dirt types are similar i n all analytical respects and can non be excluded ( Cox et al.,2000 ) . However, decomposition of dead body-cadaver every bit far as this survey concerned has ill understood. This is the country of forensic taphonomy which aims to supply information relevant to the tribunals in instances where corpses have been allowed to break up. The surveies of the effects of the local dirt composing towards decomposition procedure were non many reviewed although has been extensively reviewed in many abroad literatures. Post mortem interval ( PMI ) is the clip elapses since a individual has died. Determination of PMI normally done by the diagnostician by looking at several common factors such as algor mortis, asperity mortis, vitreous temper, self-digestion and forensic bugology. Harmonizing to Jaggers et al. , dirt wet has a important impact on type, rate and the extent of organic structure debasement which finally affects appraisals of PMI. The influence of wet on decomposition in dirt is by and large due to its consequence on dirt microbic activity, as micro-organisms are the primary decomposers in dirts ( David, et al.,2010 ) . Alteration of dirt composing can besides change the appraisal of PMI.Chapter 3Methodology3.1 Soil SampleThe dirt samples for this survey will be taken in the country of Skudai, Johor. The distinction of each sample will be characterized via United States of America Soil Taxonomy. The selected dirts are Brown Sodosol which has loamy sand texture, Rudosol that has sandy tex ture and Grey Vertisol that has medium clay texture ( David et al. , 2010 ) . Pre-treatment of the dirt will be performed consequently to the Method for Soil Analysis, USDA revised version 2006.3.2 CadaverJuvenile rat ( Rattus Rattus ) corpses ( 18g wet weight ) aged 8-10 yearss were used as organic resource spots. Rats were killed with C dioxide instantly anterior to burial ( David et al.,2008 ) .3.3 Experimental DesignThe dirt samples will be sieved to a similar particulate size. The weight of each dirt samples will be changeless at 500g after incubation at 22 & A ; deg ; C ( Carter et al. , 2008 ) . The measuring of corpse decomposition will be done harmonizing to cadaver mass loss ( Carter et al. , 2008 ) , dirt pH ( Veronique. , 2006 ) , microbic biomass C ( Anderson and Domsch. , 1978 ) , and enzyme activity ( Ladd and Butler, 1972 ) .3.3.1 Cadaver Mass LossUpon disinterment, corpses will be instantly frozen ( -20 & A ; deg ; C ) . Once frozen the corpses were rinsed with dist illed H2O to take any extra dirt, dried with a paper towel and weighed.3.3.2 Soil pHThe pH of the dirt will potentiometrically measured in the supernatant suspension of a 1:5 dirt: liquid ( v/v ) mixture. This liquid is a 0.01 mol/l solution of Ca chloride in H2O pH-CaCl2 or H2O pH-H2O. A representative sample ( at least a volume of 5 milliliter ) of the air-dried dirt ( fraction & A ; lt ; 2 millimeter ) will be taken. The trial sample will be placed in the sample bottle and Ca chloride solution ( pH-CaCl2 ) or H2O ( pH-H2O ) will be added five times of the trial sample ‘s volume. The suspension will be shook and assorted smartly for 5 proceedingss before Lashkar-e-Taiba to be stabled for 2 hr. The measuring of suspension ‘s temperature will be taken and ensured non to be distinguishing more than 1 & A ; deg ; C from the pH metre buffer solution. ( Veronique, 2006 ) .3.3.3 Carbon Dioxide Evolution30 ml phial ( Crown Scientific, Newstead, Queensland, Australia ; Product no. 735 ) ( CO2 trap ) will be filled with 20 milliliters sodium hydrated oxide ( NaOH ) ( 0.465 M ) and suspended above the dirt surface inside incubation Chamberss designated for dirt sampling after 28 yearss. The incubation chamber will so be sealed. CO2 traps and the air in the incubation chamber headspace demand to be replaced every 24 hr. Upon remotion from the incubation chamber the electrical conduction of the NaOH solution inside the CO2 trap will be measured utilizing a Metrohm 660 Conductometer ( Herisau, Switzerland ) ( Rodella. , 1999 )3.3.4 Microbial Biomass CarbonMicrobial biomass C can be estimated within 1 hr of crop utilizing the substrate-induced respiration ( SIR ) technique ( Anderson and Domsch, 1978 ) with some alterations ( Lin and Brookes, 1999 ) . Soil ( 5 g dry weight ) will be weighed into 30 ml McCartney bottles and amended with glucose solution ( 6 mg/ g dirt ) in order to graduate them to 95 % water-holding capacity. Following the amendment on the gluc ose solution, a 6 milliliter vial incorporating 5 ml NaOH ( 0.1 M ) ( CO2 trap ) will be placed on the dirt surface and the McCartney bottle was instantly sealed. Samples will so incubate in the dark at 22 & A ; deg ; C for 3 or 4 hours based on preliminary experiments. After the incubation period CO2 traps were so removed and sealed. The NaOH solution from the CO2 traps was backtitrated with HCl ( 0.1 M ) into 5 milliliters BaCl2 ( 1.0 M ) and 3 beads phenolphthalein as index ( Rowell, 1994 and Davie et al. , ) . Microbial biomass C was so calculated as in Anderson and Domsch, 1978.3.3.5 Enzym ActivityThe activity of casein-hydrolysing peptidase and phosphodiesterase ( orthophosphodiester phosphohydrolase: EC 3.1.4.1 ) will be assayed. Proteolytic hydrolysis of casein will be measured as describe in item in Ladd and Butler ( 1972 ) . The procedural involved the use of protein and dipeptide substrate in the absence of added bacteriostatic agents. The rate of substrate hydrolysis was relative to the dirt concentration ; the release of amino compounds per unit weight of dirt was straight related to the incubation clip.Chapter 4EXPECTEDEXPECTED RESULT4.1 Soil SampleJohor encompass about 27 % of overall peat dirt distribution in Malaysia ( Soil Map Malaysia, 2004 ) . This survey expects to detect major peat dirt characteristic during physical and chemical word picture of dirt samples taken around this province country. Though, the major country are covered with peat dirts, organic dirt The discrepancy in dirt belongingss which will be expected to be discovered are in term of dirt pH, bulk denseness, H2O conduction, bleeding ability, colorss and entire organic content.4.2 Experimental ConsequenceDecomposition rate in gathered sample dirts are expected to will be different. Dirts with low pH value and low H2O conduction proposely will anticipate to give high rate of decomposition. Dirt with high sand, clay and silt composing nevertheless, is predictedtoexpected to g ive low rate of decomposition due to high aeration and high H2O conduction. The relation in between factors involve in decomposition among the dirts will be made through similar form revealed during the survey.4.3 DecisionThe survey hopes to accomplish all of its aims. The taxonomy of locally collected dirt sample will be understood through detailedthorough survey and categorization. The factors involve in decomposition and the belongingss soil factors that are giving impact in the procedure will be besides identified. Understanding the alone feature of dirt will assist in understanding the nature manner in distinguishing the rhythm of decomposition of organic stuff which. It is beyond what a the bare oculus can see. Knowledge associating the nature cycling of organic affair and pathology finding of clip of decease in lab will assist forensic scientist articulating the right of a casualty in a more self-asserting manner.

In Search of Your Own Identity Essay

After various writings by Richard Rodriguez and Octavio Paz, I have come across several realizations. Who am I? Should I be a part of a nation and a â€Å"system† that does not value me, or should I be a part of a nation that does not acknowledge my existence? The United States as a nation does not value me, and Mexico does not even know that I exist. These are difficult matters to discuss. We are all in search of our own identity. However, some of us are placed in a situation that makes it very difficult and confusing to know or understand. I have always asked myself, â€Å"Who am I? † I should put it in more crude words, â€Å"Where do I belong? † After this specific question is asked, I begin to realize that I have problems coming up with a response. My parents were born in Mexico, and thus, they are Mexican. Sometimes I feel I belong here in the United States, but other times I feel more attached to Mexico. I am a Mexican-American. However, I feel that I am denying in some way my heritage and my culture by saying that I am. I am denying my parents. I say that I’m Mexican because in a sense I am. I am also an American. I am a Mexican-American. What do these terms put together imply? They should imply that the person is Mexican and American. The term â€Å"Mexican-American† is the very reason why I find myself confused about who I really am. I need to search for my own identity, which leads me to the purpose of this essay. Rodriguez and Paz have discussed this particular problem of identity. All three have different viewpoints. Some of their ideas are similar but mostly contradictory, especially in the case of Rodriguez and Paz. As I was reading, I was able to relate to what they had to say, and in a much bigger sense, I was able to understand and know who I am. I was able to find my self. According to Paz, self-discovery is most than anything realizing that we are alone. Paz argues that our being or our identity becomes a problem and a question. It becomes a problem because of several reasons. We just don’t simply wake up one day and realize that we don’t know who we are. There are individuals who are placed in difficult situations that allow for these questions to arise. For example, the migration of Mexicans to the United States is a situation that will definitely cause many to question their identity. I agree because if we had not moved to the United States, I would simply consider myself a Mexican without a doubt. Paz strongly argues that different circumstances are likely to produce different reactions. This migration is a circumstance that will bring about confusion among the Mexicans about who they really are. It is ironic how a few miles can bring about such a change in you. Personally, I have experiences such a confusion by simply moving twenty miles North of where I lived. I lived in Reynosa since I was eight. Then, my family and I moved here to McAllen. At the beginning, you don’t feel quite like you fit. It makes it very difficult because it is a completely different world. Even though the majority of the people are of Mexican origin, it still makes it very hard. After the years, I became somewhat used to the life here and began to feel comfortable. However, I also began to question my identity. It is the moment we cross that border that we lose our identity. Paz argues that instead of asking ourselves questions, we should do something about it. We cannot go on contemplating who we are, rather, we should work with our situation and do something. Our questions are only an excuse for not facing reality. I agree with Paz because sometimes, we continue to complain and complain and simply think about our present situation. However, we do nothing to change it. I believe that Mexican-Americans need to stop talking about our injustices and discrimination and do something. However, Paz does mention that Mexicans have an inferiority complex. We begin to doubt our own abilities. This happens because of our culture. We are taught to listen and stay quiet. On the other hand, Anglo-Americans are taught to voice their opinions. There are many differences in both the Anglo-American culture and Mexican culture. These differences are the reason why it is impossible to blend or mix. We are brought into a culture that is the complete opposite of ours. This is the reason why Paz says that our â€Å"Mexicanism† simply floats. It never exists, and it never goes away. One of the ways we react to this situation is by flaunting our differences. Paz talks about pachucos. They are a group of people of Mexican origin that are known for their language, behavior, and clothing. I remember when I went to high school and we had a pep rally, which landed right on September 16, which is Mexico’s independence. A group of friends and I decided to wear red, white, and green to celebrate Mexico’s independence. We were simply proud of being Mexicans and wanted to show our pride. However, there were problems with several of the administrators because it wasn’t just my friends and I doing it, but other people as well. The pep rally was canceled because they felt that our clothing would distract and cause conflict with the other â€Å"American† students in school. As I was reading Paz, he mentioned that Mexicans dress a certain way to stand out. They know they are rejected by the â€Å"American† society. They do this to be different and stand out. The disguise is a protection because it hides and points them out. Somehow, they are doing this to â€Å"belong† in some way. They are able to catch the attention of the Anglo-Americans. I don’t agree with Paz. I believe that sometimes people dress a certain way to show their pride. I do not dress a certain way to be different and so people can notice me. I am proud to be Mexican and want to show it off. When fourth of July comes, I also like to dress in red, white and blue to celebrate America’s independence. Is this possible or am I being a hypocrite? This question leads me to Richard Rodriguez. Richard Rodriguez’ Hunger of memory is an autobiography. I was able to read only part of his book. I found it quite fascinating. Rodriguez goes through many problems of identity. He has mixed feelings about his own self. He mainly talks about affirmative action. What does the term â€Å"minority student† mean? Is it something we want to be classified as? I had an experience in high school in which a student denied a part of himself. His mother is Anglo and his father is Mexican. However, throughout school, when it was time to check on the ethnicity, he would check out Anglo. He did this throughout his years in school, but when it was his senior year something happened. He decided to go talk to his counselor and tell her to change all his paperwork. He no longer wanted to be classified as Anglo, but Hispanic. When I heard this, it was very surprising. I cannot understand how this particular person decided to simply become Hispanic just so he could get the benefits of affirmative action. He was applying to scholarships and various universities, and he knew that if he was classified as a minority student, he would receive better benefits. This is not right. You cannot simply choose to be Hispanic for your convenience. You should not reject a part of yourself simply for your own benefits. Rodriguez faced this dilemma. He knew that he did not want to be labeled a minority student, but if this is what was going to get him in society, then he simply had to accept. Throughout life, Rodriguez wondered about his identity. He was criticized by many because he was a well-known writer who was invited as a guest speaker. He would be around Anglo-Americans, and many criticized him because they felt he had become a part of them. Is this really true? Isn’t your identity how â€Å"you† see yourself? Just because other people see you being around another class or race of people, doesn’t mean that you have become a part of them. You simply know that you are Mexican, American, or Mexican-American, and blending with other cultures doesn’t necessarily mean you lose your true self. Because of affirmative action, Rodriguez was able to be a guest speaker, and a professor at a university. He felt threatened at times because the felt somewhat alienated by the â€Å"other† society. Rodriguez did not have a good relationship with the Chicano students. He felt threatened by them. These students were still attached to their parents’ culture. These students knew how to speak Spanish very well. They were proud of their past. Rodriguez on the other hand, spoke in English. His Spanish was not that well. He did not want to associate himself to a past that meant â€Å"poor†. There was one specific time when Rodriguez’ parents saw a Hispanic student wearing a sarape. They were very surprised. Rodriguez said that these students were foolish to think themselves unchanged by their schooling. I disagree with Rodriguez because I believe that just because you are getting a higher education and have a good job, you forget that you are Hispanic or Mexican-American. Rodriguez simply wanted to justify his own change. He did not want to belong or keep a bond between a past that did not bring fond memories. He was not as disadvantaged as other Hispanics. However, he felt very strongly about not going to Chicano student meetings or social events sponsored by â€Å"La Raza. † I don’t agree with him. After reading this, I realized that he is wrong. I am proud to be Mexican-American. I am proud to carry the term â€Å"Mexican† and â€Å"American. † I am proud of my Mexican culture, customs, and beliefs. I don’t need to change in order to succeed or attain a higher education. Rodriguez suddenly came to this realization. He could not simply cast out his culture and simply erase it. At some point, he had a discussion with his several Hispanic students in which he did not agree with them. Soon, he was known to others as being a â€Å"coconut,† brown on the outside, white on the inside. I have learned many things this semester. I had not really given much thought Mexican-American history. I never realized about the various things that were discussed. It was an eye opener. I was also able to realize of the many problems and injustices that Hispanics face here in the United States. However, just like Paz said, we cannot simply contemplate these issues. We need to do something about them. I am attending college to receive a higher education. I know that education is extremely important. However, I am not losing my identity by coming to college. Getting an education does not necessarily make you a different person. I don’t agree with Rodriguez’s viewpoint. After reading Paz and Rodriguez, I began to see myself in some of what they had to say. I realized that I have gone through a confusion stage. I sometimes don’t know where I belong or who I am. I have come to the conclusion that I am simply American. America is a nation filled with various ethnic groups. Hispanics include people from Mexico, Honduras, Puerto Rico, Nicaragua, etc. There are also many Asians. I often ask myself why people from Ireland living here in America aren’t labeled Irish-American. They are simply American. Why then should we be labeled Mexican-American? Cant’ we simply be called American? I have come to the conclusion that I am American. American can mean different things to different people. To me American means being a part of Mexico as well as the United States. I consider myself a lucky person. I am able to be have the best of both worlds: Mexico and the United States. Tomorrow, I will celebrate Mother’s Day here in the United States and Monday it will be 10 de mayo, Dia de las Madres in Mexico. My mom is very lucky. She gets two gifts. I don’t believe that I am being a hypocrite by doing this. These are some of the advantages of being American.

NIKE market analysis Essays

NIKE market analysis Essays NIKE market analysis Essay NIKE market analysis Essay NIKKEI is an America company which is headquartered in the Portland metropolitan area. NIKKEI original know as Blue Ribbon Sport (BRB), it was found by University of Oregon in January 1 964 as a distributed and officially became Nikkei in 1978. NIKKEI produces a wide range of sport equipment- specially footwear products. Their first products is track running shoes. They sell an assortment of product to activities as football, running Nikkei also well know and popular in youth cultural and hip hop cultural for their supplying Of urban fashion clothing. In December 201 3, the profit of Nikkei shoes increase to 13 percent, proportional to $10. 4 billion. Nikkei has contract with more than 700 shops in around the world and 45 country outside the United State. Internal source of marketing information Four sources of internal marketing data: 1. Leaderships effectiveness(Phil Knight) Relevance: High: Phil Knight, known as the CEO of Nikkei shoes, has a great identity association. He always want Nikkei to win, his sacrifice, genuine love, and endless passion towards this brand is effectiveness on his employee, workers. Timeline and currency/accuracy: High. Phil Knight is an open mind person. He always update his new ideas and isnt conservative. 2. Feedback from customer via opinion surveys: Relevance: High. Nikkei provides to customers what information they need. Therefore, the customers satisfied with that. Timeline: High. Nikkei can collect customers comment and feedback quickly and easily. Accuracy/currency: Medium. The currency can be right but the accuracy isnt really right because of they may just have an answer quickly but not really care about its right or wrong. Reliability: Medium. The qualitative is answered to find the problems. The answer would be common and not really useful because Of perfunctory answers. 3. Accounting and Income Statement Relevance: High. It makes decision for the recently sales activities. Help to make marketing plan Timeline: High. Up to date information, monthly report and yearly income statement Currency/accuracy: High. Using numerical to prove its accurate Cost-effectiveness: High. Easy to provides and prove the information data. Reliability. High. Sing report, data, and number. 4. Distributors Relevance: High. The main places provide products and perform the sales activities. Timeline: High. Keeping update the new styles Cost-effectiveness: Medium. High commission. External sources of marketing information Four sources of marketing information: 1. Market intelligence reports: Relevance and timeline: High. Have enough conditions to make a market intelligence report. Currency/accuracy: High. The report are currency. Data and numerical are used to prove its accurate Cost-effectiveness: high. Cheap to write a market intelligence report Reliability: High. It has showed the data and enough information for a market intelligence report. 2. Competitors activities: Relevance: High. The change in quality, price Of competitors product is directly effect on our company. Currency/accuracy: Medium. The current information doesnt show that, it just can be hear when the competitors had changed. Cost-effectiveness: High. It make a change in cost of sale and erectly effect on the company. 3. Economics changes Relevance: Medium. The change in economic is effect to Nines organization but the demand of sport is still going on. 4. Legal/Political: Relevance: High. All the rule and ethical have to follow the local legal/political. Currency/accuracy: It has to follow all the time. Internal Influence Nikkei has a brand prestige especially among athletes and sport person. This company which later became a brand was started by Bill Borrower and Phil Knight as they were able to make out that there was a problem in the sports and athletes appearance. Since it was not that early to say for them bringing wow fingers together, they manufactured/created their goods on the basis of some special criteria. And as co-founder Bill Borrower once said, If you have a body, you are an athlete. Jumping on to the current situation/market, Nikkei is one of the finest brand which manufactures sports goods. Nikkei is the largest seller of athletic footwear and apparel in the world. It employs more than 33,000 people, internationally. Nikkei sells products in more than 180 countries around the world; it reported revenues of $19. 2 billion for the fiscal year ending May 31, 2009. Nikkei designs and sells products in three main product lines; footwear, apparel and equipment. The products are manufactured in approximately 600 contracted factories in 46 countries around the globe. Nines mission statement is to bring the inspiration and innovation for every athlete in this world. Apparently, Nikkei has become worlds leading innovator in athletic footwear, apparel, equipment and accessories. Internal influences for Nikkei are pointed and described below: 1. Product: Nikkei has a large diversity in sportswear and products. Their targeted mass is sport and athlete people. They are pretty much focused on their quality of goods what they manufacture. Nikkei deals With the issues and concerns regarding their products by obeying its customer centric strategy. They have a quite descent return and exchange policies. 2. Management: The management of the Nikkei brand is really customer focused. Nikkei has more than 30,000 employees in 170 countries. With leadership positions in established markets like the U. S. And the Western Europe and in the emerging markets like China and Brazil, the management believes that they have tremendous and unique area to grow. They often give recognition to its employees for outstanding work. 3. Location: As mentioned above Nikkei is present in more than 1 70 countries. They believe in disrupting the distances between them and the customers. Apparently, Nikkei is emerging as one of the stupendous sportswear in the Asian market too. Since they are providing really an effective service, soon they would be becoming the top company of sportswear. External Influence External influence for Nikkei are pointed and described below: 1. Economical: In the world, the economy experience economics cycles. These cycles include booms and busts because economy experience higher level of the employment. They may be so confident in their sales that they may increase the price of the items to gets more profits. . Competitors: As we know in the modern era, competitions levels are increasing day by day. These competitive situations consumers because with competitions in a market there will be a greater range of goods for consumers. Its goods for the customers because they get more variety of the choice they want goods or service. 3. Governments: As we know these are three levels of the government which are federal, state and local. 4. Federal government deals mainly important part such as tax, they can see taxes are being paid and also checks to the business are running in according to the customs regulations. . States government deal with lower case issues such as workers rights and responsibilities such as oral history society requirements and making sure business are according by the state laws. 6. Social influence: social influence is playing vital role in our business. For examples: time goes on peoples taste in the fashion and trends will change. In the others hand business makes more profit because they lunched new fashions and trends. Promoting ethic and social responsible Ethical Marketer Behavior To promote the ethical marketing behavior in our Nikkei shoe company we enact a rewards system. For example- when an employee acts or do work ethically even at a personal cost then we give him/her a reward. In return it will help us because through this we motivate the employees and through motivation they give their best to their work for getting reward. Secondly, it also helps in increasing employment sector, more and more employees want to work in our organization. Socially marketing behavior Every organization have responsibility toward society, and our organization also have like our organization do the production of shoes and for its production there is need of machines to make the cotton or stuff for shoe which may affect environment, as we have responsibility toward society so we ignore the machines and get more and more work by employees. It will help in our organization to get good reputation in society by providing more employment and by having environment friendly relation, and because of this the customers get attracted and our sales of shoes increase. Consumer Behavior First of all we should know the meaning of consumer behavior-it is the study of individual or organization and the processes they use to secure or satisfy the needs and these have the impact on consumer and society. Every consumer want to satisfy his/her desire. As we know that today everyone want to show themselves by wearing branded and good quality of clothes, shoes etc. Our organization attract the customers by the quality and by the marketing schemes. Consumers help the firm to improve the marketing strategies. The use of social responsibility initiatives to influence consumers has become common. The growing body of marketing manipulates the consumers perceptions of motivation and social initiatives. The marketing scheme influence a lot to buyer, our marketing scheme is that we give account, provide good customer service, and have the online site to buy our product. The prices of our Nikkei shoes are affordable, anyone can afford to buy this.